Gynaecomastia is a common condition that makes breast tissue swell and becomes larger than normal in boys and men. It is very common for teenage boys and older men.
Hormone imbalance: Testosterone and estrogen are responsible for sexual development in men and women respectively. Men produce estrogen also. When testosterone and estrogen are thrown out of balance, it may cause gynecomastia.
Obesity: Being obese may cause gynecomastia as overweight can increase the estrogen levels which may cause breast tissue to grow.
Medication: Certain medications like anabolic steroids, medicines for HIV/AIDS, antibiotics and chemotherapy may also cause gynecomastia.
Puberty: At the time of puberty, hormone levels of boys vary. When the level of testosterone drops, estrogen may cause breast tissue to grow.
Old age: As men get older, they produce less testosterone. Older men usually have more body fat, due to which more estrogen may be produced. These changes in hormone levels may cause excess breast tissue growth.
Health Issues: Certain health conditions like hypogonadism (a hormonal disorder), hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid gland), kidney failure, cirrhosis, tumors, liver failure, and malnutrition can lead to gynecomastia.
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